^254:2 Nothing is said in the English translation of "Namudaishi" (to which I have already alluded) about the Nagas and maidens. But they are mentioned in the Japanese original.

^254:3 Kenne is otherwise unknown. The "sacred globe" (Jap. hoshu) is a crystal ball.

^254:4 The five branches of knowledge are the same as the five "branches of learning" which we used sometimes to hear of as children. The expression "ten pitakas," or ten Collections of Scriptures, seems to point to a conclusion that I have long since come to, though I have never had the opportunity of working it out, that the Chinese Buddhist Canon represents a collection of the Holy Books of ever so many distinct religious bodies, each of which requires quite independent treatment.

^255:1 A sort of College. There were many of these founded during the reigns of the learned emperors. See Murdoch's "History of Japan," vol. i. p. 229.

^255:2 This custom has now been given up.

^255:3 The prince was Shinnyo, the third son of the Emperor Heijo.

^256:1 In the minds of his followers, the Sage is still uncorrupted in his tomb, awaiting the coming of Maitreya. The Baptism of the Emperor Uda (if by Kobo) must have been miraculous, for he did not come to the throne until 887.

^256:2 The year-period Engi was from 908-922 A.D.

^256:3 Kobo's original name was Kukai, and ultra-imperialist Confucianists always speak of him as such. Kobo Daishi means "The Great Teacher who spread the Law."

^256:4 This story is to be found in Satow and Hawes' "Handbook to Japan," p. 416 (2nd edition).

^256:5 I.e. Vairoc'ana, whose body is a spiritual body, and therefore unchangeable and everlasting, without beginning or end.

^256:6 The patriarchs of the Shingon are well known. They are reckoned as eight: (1) Vairoc'ana, (2) Vajrasattva, (3) Nagarjuna, (4) Nagabodhi. These were in India. Then in China there were: (5) Vajrabodhi, (6) Amoghavajra (Fuku), (7) Hui-Kuo (Jap. Keikwa). Then the doctrine comes to Japan with Kobo.

There is a second enumeration. Vairoc'ana and Vajrasattva, they say, must not count, as very little is known of them. The eight patriarchs must be reckoned as: (1) Nagarjuna, (2) Nagabodhi, (3) Vajrabodhi, (4) Subhakarasinha (Jap. Zenmui), (5) Amoghavajra, (6) Keikwa, (7) Ichigyo, (8) Kobo.

It must be noticed--

(i) that Nagarjuna gets his information from Vajrasattva, who gets it from Vairoc'ana. It does not, therefore, represent a very old teaching. Nagarjuna is reckoned as the thirteenth Patriarch of the Zen sect; he is at most only the third Patriarch of the Shingon. And if we assume Nagarjuna to have lived about the middle of the second century, the inference is almost irresistible that Vajrasattva and Vairoc'ana cannot date from much before the middle of the first.