Note [4:2:15:3]3. Here we have again the seven Rishis breaking the mountain in which the cows were imprisoned.

Verse 16.

Note [4:2:16:1]1. The apodosis is wanting. As verse 15 shows, the meaning is: As our fathers have done their mighty deeds, aspiring after Rita, thus may we do the same.

Note [4:2:16:2]2. Suki't (Padap. suki it) possibly stands for sukim it; cf. Roth, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, XLVIII, p. 680. Or may we correct suki it ...

di'dhiti (instr. sing.), 'they went along in pure devotion'? Di'dhiti seems to be what is called in III, 31, 1; IX, 102, 1. 8, ritasya di'dhitih.'

Verse 17.

Note [4:2:17:1]1. See Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, p. 252.

Note [4:2:17:2]2. Evidently the pious men, not the gods, form the subject. I propose to read, therefore, deva'm (gen. plur.) ganima; cf. verse 18 deva'nam yat ganima. They kindle Agni; they strengthen Indra: in short, they treat the divine people as the smith treats the metal.

Note [4:2:17:3]3. I do not enter here upon the archaeological question as to the meaning of ayah. Comp. on this much-discussed question especially Max Muller, Biographies of Words, p. 252 seq.; Schrader, Sprachvergleichung und Urgeschichte (2nd ed.), p. 271 seq.; von Bradke, Methode der arischen Alterthumswissenschaft, p. 93 seq.

Note [4:2:17:4]4. Cf. X, 61, 13. parishadvanah agman.

Verse 18.

Note [4:2:18:1]1. Pasvah is genitive sing.; it depends on yutha'. Cf. V, 31, 1; VI, 19, 3.

Note [4:2:18:2]2. There is no reason for taking, as Lanman (p. 516) does, kshumati as acc. plur. neut., which would be kshuma'nti. See Joh. Schmidt, Pluralbildungen der Indogermanischen Neutra, p. 237; Bartholomae, Kuhn's Zeitschrift, XXIX, p. 493. Bartholomae translates, 'bei einem wolhabenden.'

Note [4:2:18:3]3. Is this vocative ugra right? It would be easy to correct, with Ludwig, ugra' ('when the mighty generations of the gods were near him') or ugrah, as suggested by Delbruck (Grassmann's Translation, vol. i, p. 573): 'the mighty one (Agni) looked on them,' &c.

Note [4:2:18:4]4. I believe that Geldner (Ved. Studien, I, 260, note 1) is right in contending that Urvasi, wherever it occurs, is the name of an Apsaras and nothing else. The name of Ayu, occurring in the fourth Pada, confirms this; for Ayu, as is well known, is the son of Pururavas and of the nymph Urvasi. Geldner translates, 'Selbst mit den