^94:4 Samila gue. The commentators render gue by yuga and yuta, and do not explain samila, which they treat as a Sanskrit word. I think it is the Prakrit of samidh, compare viggula = vidyut, salila = sarit.

^95:1 Roggho = risya, see Hemakandra, Desi Kosha 7, 12.

^95:2 Dhanka gridhra. The commentators offer no explanation of dhanka, but only say that they are not real vultures as there are no animals in hell. Therefore they must be vaikriya, i.e., in our case, demons who have adopted the shape of vultures.

^95:3 The water of the river Vaitarani consists of a very caustic acid.

^95:4 Here and in the following verses the suffering of Mrigaputra as an animal and a plant seems to be described. But in verse 68 the scene is again laid in hell. The first word in verse 63, &c., 'as,' would literally be 'like' (viva in the original text), but in rendering it by 'like,' we have to assume that as a denizen of hell he is treated in the manner described, which seems rather strained.

^96:1 Kuhada = kuthara; comp. pihada = pithara. The form kuhara occurs in Guzerati, Sindhi, and Panjabi.

^96:2 Kumara; this is obviously the modern kamar 'blacksmith' (derived from karmakara); and it is of interest to find this form in an old text like the Uttaradhyayana.

^96:3 To render sura, sidhu, maireya, and madhu.

^97:1 Miga = mriga, literally 'antelope;' but here as frequently the word has apparently the more general meaning 'wild animal.'

^98:1 See notes and on <page 50>.

^98:2 Garava = gaurava or garva. Dipika: riddhigarava-rasagarava-satagarava iti garvatrayarahitah.

^98:3 To render dandasallabhaesu.

^99:1 Vasikandanakappo. The author of the Avakuri explains this phrase thus: he did not like more a man who anoints himself with sandal than a mason. Apparently he gives to vasa the meaning 'dwelling;' but I think that the juxtaposition of kandana calls for a word denoting a bad-smelling substance, perhaps ordure.'

^99:2 Literally 'door.' The meaning of the line will be fully rendered and the simile at least partially be preserved by the following less literal translation: he shut the door, as it were, to evil influences. For the asrava, see above, <page 55>, note .

TWENTIETH LECTURE.

THE GREAT DUTY OF THE NIRGRANTHAS.

Piously adoring the perfected and the restrained saints, listen to my true instruction which (teaches the real) profit (of men), religion, and liberation . (1)

King Srenika , the ruler of Magadha, who possessed many precious things, once made a pleasure-excursion to the Mandikukshi Kaitya . (2)

It was a park like Nandana , with trees and creepers of many kinds, peopled by various birds, and full of various flowers. (3)