săhās̆răm tă īndră-û̄tăyō nāh,
săhāsrăm ĭshō hă͡rĭ*vō gû̄rtătămâ̄h a,

săhās̆rām r̆â̄yō mâ̄dăyādhyāi,
săhāsrĭnă ŭpă nō yāntŭ vâ̄gâ̄h.

That the final o instead of as is treated as a short syllable we saw before, and in I, 133, 6, we observed that it was liable to synizesis. We see the same in

I, 175, 6. măyă ĭvâ̄pŏ͡ nă* tri̅shyătē băbhû̄thā.

V, 61, 16. â̄ yāgñĭyâ̄sŏ͡ vă*vri̅ttănā.

The pragrihya î of the dual is known in the Veda to be liable in certain cases to Sandhi. If we extend this licence beyond the limits recognised by the Prâtisâkhya, we might scan

VI, 52, 14. ŭbhē rōdāsy ăpâ̄m năpâ̄k kă mānmā, or we might shorten the î before the a, and admitting synizesis, scan:

ubhē rōdăsî̆͡ ă*pâ̄m năpâ̄k kă mānmā.

In III, 6, 10, we must either admit Sandhi between prâ´kî and adhvaréva, or contract the first two syllables of adhvaréva.

The o and e of vocatives before vowels, when changed into av or a(y), are liable to synizesis;

IV, 48, 1. vâ̄yă͡v â̄* kāndrēnă răthēnā (Anushtubh, c.)

IV, I, 2. să bhrâ̄tărām vă͡rŭ*năm āgnă͡ â̄* văvri̅tsv̆ā.

The termination avah also, before vowels, seems to count as one syllable in V, 52, 14, dĭvō vâ̄ dhri̅shnă͡vă* ōgăsâ̄, which would render Professor Bollensen's correction (Orient and Occident, vol. ii, p. 480), dhrishnúogasâ, unnecessary.

Like ava and iva, we find aya and iya, too, in several words liable to be contracted in pronunciation; e. g. vayam, VI, 23, 5; ayam, I, 177, 4; iyam, VII, 66, 82; I, 186, 11 (unless we read voऽsme); X, 129, 6. Professor Bollensen's proposal to change iyam to îm, and ayam to âm (Orient and Occident, vol. ii, p. 461), would only cause obscurity, without any adequate gain, while other words would by a similar suppression of vowels or consonants become simply irrecognisable. In I, 169, 6, for instance, ádha has to be

pronounced with one ictus; in VI, 26, 7, să͡dhă*vî̄ră is tri-syllabic. In VI, 10, 1, we must admit synizesis in adhvaré; in I, 161, 8, either in udakâm or in abravîtana; I, 110, 9, in ribhumâ´n; VIII, 79, 4, in diváh; V, 4, 6, in nritama (unless we read soऽgne); I, 164, 17, in paráh; VI, 15, 14, in pâ´vaka; I, 191, 6; VII, 34, 7; 99, 3, in prithivî´; II, 20, 8, in púrah; VI, 10, I, in prayatí; VI, 17, 7, in brihát; IX, 19, 6, in bhiyásam; I, 133, 6, in maháh; II, 28, 6; IV, 1, 2; VI, 75, 18, in varuna; III, 30, 21, in vrishabha; VII, 41, 6, in vâgínah; II, 43, 2, in sísumatîh; VI, 51, 2, in sanutár; VI, 18, 12, in sthávirasya, &c.