IV, 15, 6. tám árvantam ná sânasím arushám ná diváh sísum marmrigyánte divé-dive.

They trim the fire day by day, like a strong horse, like Arushá, the child of Dyu.

Here, too, Arushá, the child of Dyu, has to be taken as a personal character, and, if the ná after arushám is right, a distinction is clearly made between Agni, the sacrificial fire, to whom the hymn is addressed, and Arushá, the child of heaven, the pure and bright morning, here used as a simile for the cleaning or trimming of the fire on the altar.

V, 47, 3. arusháh su-parnáh.

Arushá, the morning sun, with beautiful wings.

The Feminine Árushî, as an Adjective.

Árushî, like arushá, is used as an adjective, in the same sense as arushá, i. e. red:

III, 55, 11. syâ´vî ka yát árushî ka svásârau.

As the dark and the red are sisters.

I, 92, 1 and 2. gâ´vah árushîh and árushîh gâ´h.

The red cows of the dawn.

I, 92, 2. rûsantam bhânúm árushîh asisrayuh.

The red dawns obtained bright splendour.

Here ushásah, the dawns, occur in the same line, so that we may take árushîh either as an adjective, referring to the dawns, or as a substantive, as a name of the dawn or of her cows.

I, 30, 21. ásve ná kitre arushi.

Thou beautiful red dawn, thou, like a mare.

Here, too, the vocative arushi is probably to be taken as an adjective, particularly if we consider the next following verse:

IV, 52, 2. ásvâ-iva kitrâ´ árushî mâtâ´ gávâm ritá-varî sákhâ abhût asvínoh ushâ´h.

The dawn, beautiful and red, like-a mare, the mother of the cows (days), the never-failing, she became the friend of the Asvins.

X, 5, 5. saptá svásrîh árushîh.

The seven red sisters.

The Feminine Árushî, as a Substantive.

If used as a substantive, árushî seems to mean the dawn. It is likewise used as a name of the horses of Agni, Indra, and Soma; also as a name for mare in general.

It means dawn in X, 8, 3, though the text points here so clearly to the dawn, and the very name of dawn is mentioned so immediately after, that this one passage seems hardly sufficient to establish the use of árushî as a recognised name of the dawn. Other passages, however, would likewise gain in perspicuity, if we took árushî by itself as a name of the dawn, just as we had to admit in several passages arushá by itself as a name of the morning. Cf. I, 71, 1.

Árushî means the horses of Agni, in I, 14, 12:

yukshvá hí árushîh ráthe harítah deva rohítah.

Yoke, O god (Agni), the red-horses to the chariot, the bays, the ruddy.

I, 72, 10. prá nî´kîh agne árushîh agânan.

They knew the red-horses, Agni, coming down. VIII, 69, 5.

Soma, as we saw, was frequently spoken of as arusháh hárih.

In IX, 111, 2, tridhâ´tubhih árushîbhih seems to refer to the same red-horses of Soma, though this is not quite clear.