61:2 The absolute (Parabrahman) is neither Saṭ (Be-ness) nor asaṭ (not-Be-ness) nor a commingling of both. It is neither spirit nor matter nor a commingling of both.

61:3 Bhūṭāḍi is ṭāmasa ahaṅkāra according to Vishṇu Purāṇa.

61:4 "Above and below" refers not to the position but only to the state, of matter, gross or subtle. "In the midst" implies that ākāś and earth are soaked in and with spirit.

61:5 This refers to the first triune manifestation of Purusha or spirit through time when only there is activity, Mṛṭyu or Kāla is the first manifestation whereas Yama (or the God of death) is the secondary one dealing with the death of creatures lower down.

61:6 Khaṇda means divided or with parts. Parasu literally injuring another. Hence Mṛṭyu with his khaṇda-parasu divided eternal time into its parts and conditions the absolute through primordial matter. In the Purāṇas and other books, Mṛṭyu and Yama are represented as having an axe broken in a conflict.

62:1 This refers to the septenary manifestation from the triune one; also to the sub-septenary ones.

62:2 In other words beings of Saṭṭva, Rajas and Ṭamas and an admixture of these were born.

63:1 The word anāsakena (non-injury) is repeated in the text which is wrong.

64:1 Lit., one producing sound.

64:2 In this chapter are given out the several correspondences of the ḍevas (or the presiding spiritual deities) and of the objects to the five organs of sense, the five organs of action, and the antaḥkaraṇa (or lower mind) composed of manas, buḍḍhi, ahaṅkāra, and chiṭṭa.

65:1 Probably prāṇa, vijñāna, and ānanḍa refer to the sheaths formed by them.

66:1 Although in the original manas, buḍḍhi, etc., are in the middle, yet they are inserted here after the karmenḍriyas.

67:1 Nārāyaṇa is the Universal Self. This chapter gives out the pantheistic theory that the whole universe is nothing but God Nārāyaṇa.

75:1 The ocean probably refers to ākāsic space.

75:2 Koka probably refers to Hamsa.

75:3 In this chapter are related the different fires, the first or primordial anna or food-substance has to pass through in order to become the gross food.

76:1 The causes and effects are herein given out, the cause of an effect becoming itself the effect of a higher cause.

Next: 12. Ṭejobinḍu-Upanishaḍ of Kṛshṇa-Yajurveḍa

Hinduism

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