^162:3 Nidana, cf. <page 60>, n. .

^162:4 This is the meaning of the words itthiveya napumsagaveyam = striveda, napumsakaveda, as explained by the commentators on XXXII, 102.

^163:1 Karanagunasredhim pratipadyate. It is difficult to render this phrase adequately; the meaning is that by successively destroying moral impurities one arrives at higher and higher virtues.

^163:2 Yoga, i.e. the cause of the production of Karman.

^163:3 Ghati, compare Bhandarkar, Report, p. 93, note *.

^163:4 See Twenty-fourth Lecture, p. 129 ff.

^164:1 Expiatory rites, alokana, &c.

^164:2 Antakriya, explained by mukti.

^164:3 The Kalpas and the Vimanas are the heavens of the Vaimanika gods, see below, <page 226>.

^164:4 By road is meant the means of acquiring right knowledge, and by the reward of the road, right knowledge. The reward of good conduct is mukti.

^164:5 Savvapanabhuyagivasatta. The pranas possess from two to four organs of sense, the givas five, the bhutas are plants, and the sattvas are all remaining beings.

^165:1 According to the commentaries, by Tirtha are meant the Ganadharas.

^165:2 Concerning the eight kinds of Karman, see XXXIII, 2 and 3, <page 192>. Ayushka is that Karman which determines the length of time which one is to live. A somewhat different explanation of this Karman is given by Bhandarkar, loc. cit., p. 97, note.

^165:3 The passage in question is an addition in some MSS., as the commentators tell us. The meaning seems to be that the Karman which was attached to many parts of the soul is restricted to fewer places by the influence of the purity superinduced on the soul by pondering.

^166:1 Vyavadana is the cutting off of the Karman and the subsequent purity of the soul.

^167:1 Sambhoga = ekamandalyam aharakaranam.

^167:2 Alambana, glanatadi.

^167:3 Dukkam suhase.ggam uvasampaggittanam viharai.

^167:4 Except such as are obligatory, e.g. his broom, the mukhavastrika, &c.

^168:1 Samahie = samahita or samadhiman.

^168:2 Sadbhava pratyakhyana. The Dipika gives the following explanation: he makes the renunciation in such a way that he need not make it a second time.

^168:3 Vedaniya is that Karman which produces effects that must be experienced, as pleasure or pain; ayushka is the Karman that determines the length of life; naman and gotra cause him to be born as such or such an individual in this or that family; see Thirty-third Lecture, verses 2 and 3, <page 192> f.

^168:4 Explained: sthavirakalpasadhuveshadharitvam.

^168:5 Appadileha = alpapratyupeksha; he has to inspect few things, because he uses only few.

^169:1 Gupti.

^170:1 For Samvara and Asrava, see above, <page 55>, note , and <page 73>, note .

^170:2 See above, section 41.