^170:3 Here is a pun on the word sutta = sutra, which means thread and Sutra, sacred lore, or knowledge acquired by the study of the Sutras.

^171:1 I.e. makes it contain nothing foreign to its own nature.

^171:2 Selesi = sailesi; sailesa is Meru, and its avastha, or condition, is sailesi.

^171:3 Or, perhaps, which results in experiencing anger.

^172:1 There are sixteen kashayas, nine no-kashayas, and three mohaniyas.

^172:2 These are the obstacles to the five kinds of knowledge: mati, sruta, avadhi, manahparyaya, kevala.

^172:3 They are: the obstacles to kakshurdarsana, to akakshurdarsana, to avadhidarsana, and to kevaladarsana, and five kinds of sleep (nidra). Concerning Antaraya, see <page 193>.

^172:4 Sayogin, i.e. while he has not yet reached the fourteenth gunasthana, the state of a Kevalin.

^172:5 Airyapathika.

^172:6 I.e. when he has become a Kevalin, as described in the preceding paragraph.

^173:1 Sukladhyana.

^173:2 See note on section 41.

THIRTIETH LECTURE.

THE ROAD OF PENANCE.

Now hear with concentrated mind, how a monk destroys by austerities the bad Karman which he had acquired by love and hatred. (1)

By abstaining 1. from destroying life; 2. from lying; 3. from taking anything which is not given; 4. from all sexual indulgence; 5. from having any property; and 6. from eating at night, the soul becomes free from Asravas . (2)

By possessing the five Samitis and the three Guptis, by freedom from passions, by subduing the senses, by vanquishing conceit , and by avoiding delusions, the soul becomes free from Asravas. (3)

Hear attentively how a monk destroys (the Karman) acquired by love and hatred in the absence of the above-mentioned (virtues). (4)

As a large tank, when its supply of water has been stopped, gradually dries up by the consumption of the water and by evaporation, so the Karman of a monk, which he acquired in millions of births, is annihilated by austerities, if there is no influx of bad Karman. (5, 6)

Austerities are of two kinds: external and internal;

external austerities are of six kinds, and internal are of six kinds . (7)

External austerities are:

1. anasana, fasting; 2. avamodarika, abstinence ; 3. bhikshakarya, collecting alms; 4. rasaparityaga, abstention from dainty food; 5. kayaklesa, mortification of the flesh; 6. samlinata, taking care of one's limbs . (8)

1. Fasting is of two kinds: a. itvara, temporary, and b. maranakala, fasting which precedes, and ends with death. Temporary fasting is either such in which a desire (for food) is present, or such in which no such desire exists. (9)