A wise man by suppressing his Karman and his will should renounce his interest in everything else. (For) through the objects of sight (i.e. senses) which are causes of danger, men come to harm. Knowing the truth with regard to movable and immovable beings (a monk should exert himself) . (21)

Not desiring honour or fame, he should say nothing to anybody either to please or to irritate him. Avoiding all evils, a monk should without embarrassment and passion (preach the Law). (22)

Well considering (his duties) in accordance with truth, abstaining from doing injury to living beings, not desiring life nor death, he should wander about released from the Circle (of Births). (23)

Thus I say.

Footnotes

^320:1 According to the commentators, Gaina teachers, inclusive of the schismatical ones, are intended. Tathagata is a synonym of Tirthakara and Buddha; but it is less frequently used by the Gainas than by the Bauddhas with whom it is of very common occurrence.

^320:2 Gagatthabhasi = gagadarthabhashin. Silanka proposes also gayarthabhashin, who speaks dogmatically.

^321:1 Aghanghapatta. Ghangha (tempest) = maya.

^321:2 Concerning the Ugras, see above, <page 71>, note .

^321:3 Lekkhai. According to the Gainas the Likkhavi and Mallakis were the chiefs of Kasi and Kosala. They seem to have succeeded the Aikshvakas, who ruled there in the times of the Ramayana. The Likkhavis became a powerful race, who held the supreme power in Eastern India during many centuries after the beginning of our era.

^323:1 The commentators make out the following meaning: A wise (preacher) should ascertain (his hearers') occupations and inclinations, and then (try to) better their evil disposition. Through the objects of sight which are causes of danger, men are led astray. A wise man knowing (the disposition of his hearers should preach the Law which is wholesome) to all living beings whether they move or not.

FOURTEENTH LECTURE,

CALLED

THE NIRGRANTHA.

He who has given up all worldly ties and is instructed in our creed, should practise chastity, exerting himself; obeying the commands (of his teacher) he should make himself well acquainted with the conduct; a clever (monk) should avoid carelessness. (1)

As (birds of prey), e.g. Dhankas, carry off a fluttering young bird whose wings are not yet grown, when it attempts to fly from the nest, but is not able to do so, because it is too young and its wings are not yet grown; (2)

Just as they carry off a young bird whose wings are not yet grown, so many unprincipled men will seduce a novice who has not yet mastered the Law, thinking that they can get him in their power, when they have made him leave (the Gakkha) . (3)