^389:2 Sineha, explained: snigdhabhava. In the sequel where plants are spoken of, I shall render this word by 'sap' or 'humours,' as the context may require.

^389:3 I.e. the food assimilated by the tree is the material of which its different parts, as root, stem, leaves, &c., are formed, and these parts are of manifold form, colours, &c.

^390:1 Apparently trees sprung from shoots, sprouts, aerial-roots, &c. are meant. They are considered as a class different from those whose offshoots they are.

^390:2 One soul, giva, pervades the whole tree; it is the soul of the tree. Separate givas, however, reside in the roots, &c.

^390:3 Agghoruha = adhyaroha, explained in the Dipika: vallivriksha.

^390:4 Trina.

^391:1 Osahi = Oshadhi.

^391:2 Hariya = harita.

^391:3 All the commentators say about the words Aya, &c. (which offer some various readings in the MSS.), is that they denote particular plants (vanaspativisesha) which must be learned from people (who know them). I give the words in their Prakrit form, and do not attempt to transpose them into Sanskrit.

^391:4 For there are no Ayas originated by Ayas except through their seed.

^391:5 Avaka, a grassy plant growing in marshy land, Blyxa Octandra.

^391:6 Saivala, the aquatic plant Vallisneria.

^391:7 Kadamba, Nauclea Kadamba.

^391:8 Kaseru, Scirpus Kysoor.

^392:1 The last four are well-known varieties of lotus, called in Sanskrit: utpala, padma, kumuda, nalina.

^392:2 The Sanskrit of the last seven items is: pundarika, mahapundarika, satapattra, sahasrapattra, kahlara, kokanada, and tamarasa; they are all varieties of lotus.

^392:3 Pushkara.

^392:4 This is to be detailed in the same way as with trees and creepers.

^393:1 Compare note , <page 225>.

^393:2 Both are indicated in the text by biga. According to Silanka, a male will be produced if the semen is in excess; a female, if the blood; a neuter, if they are equally balanced.

^393:3 Avakasa. According to Silanka, a male is produced from the right side of the womb, a female from the left, a neuter from both together.

^393:4 Oyam = ogas.

^393:5 Paliyagam, explained garbhaparipaka.

^394:1 See Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 173; above, p. 223.

^394:2 Compare Uttaradhyayana XXXVI, 180, ibidem.

^394:3 Agagara, literally serpents which devour goats.

^394:4 Mahoraga. According to the Guzerati gloss these snakes are a thousand yoganas long.

^395:1 Grihakokila, probably identical with grihagolika, a lizard.

^395:2 Visvambhara is given in the smaller Petersburg Dictionary as the name of a scorpion or some similar animal. However, it must denote here some other animal.

^395:3 This may be katushpadika, quadruped; but then the word must be taken in a restricted sense, perhaps, small quadrupeds.