BONN:
November, 1894.

ADDITIONAL NOTE.

I may here add a remark on the Parable of the Three Merchants, see <page 29> f., which agrees with Matthew xxv. 14 and Luke xix. 11. It seems, however, to have had a still greater resemblance to the version of the parable in The Gospel according to the Hebrews, as will appear from the following passage from Eusebius' Theophania (ed. Migne's Patrologia Graeca, iv. 155), translated by Nicholson, 'The Gospel according to the Hebrews (London, 1879): The Gospel, which comes to us in Hebrew characters, has directed the threat not against the hider, but against the abandoned liver. For it has included three servants, one which devoured the substance with harlots and flute-women, one which multiplied, and one which hid the talent: one was accepted, one only blamed, and one shut up in prison.' I owe this quotation to my colleague Arnold Meyer.

Taking into consideration (1) that the Gaina version contains only the essential elements of the parable, which in the Gospels are developed into a full story; and (2) that it is expressly stated in the Uttaradhyayana VII, 15 that 'this parable is taken from common life,' I think it probable that the Parable of the Three Merchants was invented in India, and not in Palestine.

H. J.

Footnotes

^xiii:1 Das Aupapatika Sutra, in the Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, vol. viii; and Dasavaikalika Sutra und Niryukti, in the Journal of the German Oriental Society, vol. xlvi.

^xiii:2 The Uvasaga Dasao: (in the Bibliotheca Indica), vol. i. Text and Commentary, Calcutta, 1890; vol. ii. Translation, 1888.

^xiii:3 Berlin, 1888 and 1892.

^xiii:4 In the Indische Studien, vol. xvi, p. 211 ff., and xvii, p. 1 ff.; translated in the Indian Antiquary and edited separately, Bombay, 1893.

^xiii:5 In the Actes du VI Congres International des Orientalistes, section Arienne, p. 469 ff., in the 5th and 6th vols. of the Wiener Zeitschrift fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, and in the 48th vol. of the Journal of the German Oriental Society.

^xiv:1 The Parisishtaparvan by Hemakandra, Bibliotheca Indica.

^xiv:2 Denkschriften der philos.-histor. Classe der kaiserl. Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol. xxxvii, p. 171 ff.

^xiv:3 Wiener Zeitschrift fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, vols. ii and iii. Epigraphia Indica, vols. i and ii.

^xiv:4 Bangalore, 1889.

^xiv:5 The Religions of India. Bulletin des Religions de l'Inde, 1889-94.

^xiv:6 Uber die indische Secte der Jaina. Wien, 1887.

^xiv:7 Report for 1883-84.

^xiv:8 Nigantha is apparently the original form of the word, since it is thus spelled in the Asoka inscription, in Pali, and occasionally by the Gainas, though the phonetic laws of all three idioms would have given preference to the form niggantha, the more frequent spelling in Gaina works.