^365:3 Not only this paragraph but also all that follows up to the last paragraph seems to be a later addition. For in the last paragraph the subject treated of in section section 1-27 is taken up again and brought to its conclusion. After the supplement section section 25-27 a separate treatise on the main subject is inserted section section 28-60 (28-57 on demerit, 58-59 on merit, section 60 on a mixed state); after this follows a similar treatise in section section 61-77 (61-68 on demerit, 69-74 on merit, 75-77 on a mixed state). In section 78 we have again a supplement, and section section 79-82 contain another supplement (or perhaps two). section section 83-85 give the conclusion of the first treatise ( section section 1-24) and must originally have followed immediately after section 24. So we have here, besides some appendices, three distinct original treatises on the same subject, very awkwardly pieced together to form one continuous lecture.

^366:1 E. g. the laughing of monkeys.

^366:2 Lakshana. The mystical signs meant are the svastika, &c.

^366:3 Vyangana. The seeds are sesamum, beans, &c.

^366:4 Kakini, rendered ratna in the commentary.

^366:5 Atharvani.

^366:6 Pakasasani = indragala.

^366:7 Mrigakakra.

^366:8 According to the commentary the Vaitali art teaches to raise a stick (? dandam utthapayati, perhaps to lay a punishment on somebody) by spells; and the Ardhavaitalika, to remove it. In Pali vetalam means the magic art of bringing dead bodies to life by spells, see Childers' Dictionary of the Pali Language, sub voce.

^367:1 Ayamanim, it is omitted in some MSS. and in the commentaries.

^367:2 Vipratipanna.

^367:3 Sovariya, translated saukarika.

^367:4 I.e. he will be born in one of the low courses of existence.

^369:1 Khaladanena va surathalaena va. My translation is conjectural.

^369:2 Guna; omitted in the printed text.

^370:1 Akkharae apphaletta bhavai = apsarayas kaputikayas asphalayita bhavati. I am not sure that I have hit the meaning; apsara is perhaps derived from apasarayati, the word is wanting in our dictionaries.

^371:1 Compare Kalpa Sutra. Lives of the Ginas, section 66, notes. Our commentator explains the prayaskitta (expiatory acts) as ceremonies counteracting bad dreams.

^371:2 Compare Kalpa Sutra, Lives of the Ginas, section 14, part i, p. 223.

^372:1 For according to the commentaries the worst of all regions is the south, the worst state of being that of denizens of hell, and the dark fortnight is the worse half of the month.

^372:2 Thane = sthanam.

^373:1 These words are in the 2nd person sing. of the imperative, which, according to Panini III, 4, 2, may be used to express a repeated or habitual action.

^373:2 Utkunkana.

^373:3 Gilli, purushadvayotkshipta ghollika.